2022年北京中考英语阅读理解D篇
A Pathway(路径) to Meaning in Life
When it comes to a meaningful life, we might think of love, happiness and health. A life filled with meaning is what most of us want for ourselves. Then, what makes a meaningful life?
Many researchers agree that a meaningful life comes down to three factors (因素):having long⁃term goals, believing that one's life matters, and feeling that one's life fits together and “makes sense”.
But we believe there is more to consider. Sometimes life enables us to experience small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating (欣赏) such experiences, these moments may improve how they see their own life. We call this experiential appreciation (EA). EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for lifes beauty.
We recently set out to better understand EA in studies. We were interested in whether EA was also tied to general judgment of meaning in life. If so, it could be a factor for meaningfulness.
In the first study, we had people rate(评估) their support for different methods of reducing stress. We found that people who managed stress by focusing on their appreciation for life's beauty also reported experiencing life as highly meaningful.
In the next study, we asked people to rate the degree to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I appreciate the beauty of life” and “I appreciate little things in life,” as well as other statements that related to the three factors and a general sense of meaning in life. Our results showed that the more people reported that they were “appreciating life” and its many experiences, the more they felt their life was valuable.
In the following studies, we further looked at the connection between EA and meaningfulness. For example, we found that people who were asked to look back on the most meaningful event of the past week generally reported high EA in those moments.
All the results proved our theory(假设) true. But putting it into practice can be difficult. Our fast⁃paced lifestyles fill the day with goals. We try to get the highest output both at work and in spare time. This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now. We should slow down and let life surprise us.
1.You were most probably in the EA condition when .
A.you made a travel plan for the coming holiday
B.you hurried to serve the customers in the store
C.you practiced hard to become the best violinist
D.you stopped to admire the roses by the roadside
2.What can we learn from the studies mentioned in the passage?
A.Thinking back to the past weakens our sense of meaning.
B.Enjoying small things can influence our attitude toward life.
C.Proper stress management is the key to living a satisfying life.
D.Good judgment on beauty improves connections among people.
3.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A.It is easier for results⁃driven people to achieve success.
B.We often turn a blind eye to the present moment.
C. A fast⁃paced lifestyle helps us reach our goals.
D.Future life will bring us many more surprises.
4.What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A.To explain how to discover beauty in life.
B.To discuss what the true meaning of life is.
C.To introduce a new factor for a meaningful life.
D.To compare different factors for meaningfulness.
答案与解析
本文是议论文,主要介绍“体验生活之美”和“过有意义的人生”两者关系的科学研究。主题语境属于“人与自我”主题范畴中“生活与学习”这一主题群,涉及子主题“丰富、充实、积极向上的生活”。
1.D 推理判断题。根据第三段中“EA is about the person feeling connected to events and being able to appreciate the value within the connection. It shows the discovery of and admiration for lifes beauty.”可知,EA是指人能感觉到事件间的联系,并能够在这种联系中欣赏其价值。它展示了对生活之美的发现和赞赏。根据EA的定义可以推论出D项(你停下来欣赏路边的玫瑰)符合EA状态,故选D。
2.B 推理判断题。根据第七段中“For example, we found...high EA in those moments.”可知,回顾过去有意义的事可提升EA,排除A项;根据第六段中“such as ‘I appreciate the beauty of life’...their life was valuable”可推测,享受小事影响我们的生活态度,B项正确;根据第五段中“We found that people...as highly meaningful.”可知,通过欣赏生活中美好的东西来管理压力的人觉得体验生活有意义,但不是关键,排除C项;根据第三段中“When people are...they see their own life.”可知,对美的判断力可能会改善他们对自己生活的看法,不能改变与他人的联系,排除D项。
3.B 段落大意题。根据最后一段中 “This focus on future outcomes makes it all too easy to miss what is happening right now.”可知,这种对未来结果的关注使人们很容易错过目前正在发生的事情。B 项(我们经常对现在的时刻视而不见)最符合本段主题,故选B。
4.C 写作目的题。文章阐释了一条实现有意义的生活的新路径,那就是发现并欣赏生活的美。因此可以推断作者的写作目的是为有意义的生活引入新因素,故选C。